Fuel Injection Systems

The design of fuel injection systems is critical for the performance and exhaust emission of Direct injection diesel and gasoline engines. The flow inside the injection system and the nozzle is usually highly unsteady and cavitating. Apart from the nozzle itself, other parts of the hydraulic system circuit controlling the injection rate, such as seat, ball and spill valves may also cavitate. GFS has been effectively simulate many  fuel nozzle designs for passenger car diesel and gasoline direct injection engines. Applications also include large Diesel engines fuel valves.

Examples of calculated cases are given below.

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Prediction of cavitation onset and development inside one of the six holes of a common-rail Diesel injector operating at 1200bar with moving needle. The transient movement of the needle is simulated.

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Cavitation prediction inside a slit-nozzle used with gasoline direct injection engines

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Prediction of cavitation inside the fuel valve of a 'large' Diesel engine

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Annular flow passage cavitation associated with cavitation erosion and damage

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Prediction of cavitation development of an outward-opening pintle nozzle

Flow and cavitation distribution inside a mini-sac Diesel multi-hole nozzle with eccentric needle

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